Algebra As Thought Experiment :: Education Mathematics Learning Essays

Polynomial math As Thought Experiment Dynamic: This paper tends to the issue of understanding what arithmetic adds to the uncommon accomplishment of current numerical material science. I encourage that we surrender the Kantian interpretation of the division between arithmetic (engineered from the earlier) and material science (trial), and that we ask rather how variable based math helps manufactured a posteriori math improve our capacity to contemplate the world. The propositions recommended are: 1) Mathematical hypotheses are about the observational world, and are valid or bogus simply like different speculations of exact science. 2) The quality of phony in science lies solely in the utilization of arithmetical technique. 3) This technique is valuable much like all fiction is, yet this development is with the end goal of exploratory examination of the physical world to the degree that anything on earth has objects like those in the anecdotal universe of a specific variable based math. 4) This is the reason arithmetical methods are effective in any event, when the suspicions of the framework are bogus: they may at present be relevant to certain things considered from some point of view. 5) The accomplishment of numerical material science is likewise because of Descartes' revelation of an astounding truth: we live in existence which can be portrayed all in all. 6) Therefore, what recognizes present day science from prior and later way of thinking is certifiably not a general strategy for science, however the way that it happened to discover a fact, and a specific method of contemplating reality which proved to be fruitful. In the sixteenth century, material science was a piece of the general subject known as reasoning. At the point when Galileo composed the Dialogs Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, he was remarking on certain parts of Aristotle's Philosophy. He was increasingly good for the utilization of science in different issues of material science than was current in his day. He might be depicted as attempting to resuscitate an Archimedean origination of movement as far as geometry, which might be designated kinematics. Galileo additionally brought the test technique into material science. The exploratory strategy had been effectively used in Alchemy, which was a low or a covert science at that point. Its achievement in material science brought the issue of experimentation into the spot light. Since there are hardly any cases unique to Galileo that we may even now wish to protect, we might need to portray his prosperity as the presentation of these strategies which he designed or adjusted for resulting physicists to utilize. Test methods have improved significantly since Galileo's day.

Rotc in the Philippines Free Essays

ROTC: Empowering the adolescent for harmony and progress â€Å"Why take the most difficult way possible, if there’s a simple way†, these are the words that will come out from the mouth of a normal and malingering person, yet taking the Reserved Officer Training Corps as their National Service Training Program will make them no normal individual. These Cadets like me ventured out from the rest, to be over all the rest. Taking up the Civic Welfare Training Service, will be no additional conventional simply like each non military personnel can do and not at all like a minute man can do. We will compose a custom exposition test on Rotc in the Philippines or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now Not all understudies in the tertiary level have the guts and fortitude to accept the ROTC as their picked NSTP or to enter a Military Service, yet for what reason do you figure these understudies outside the military calling didn't take this way of being a future reservist, a safeguard of the republic and a manager of amicability among the Filipinos? To start with, they state that in ROTC they will stand up under the warmth of the sun for quite a while, yes they will remain under the warmth of the sun, yet that is a piece of their preparation notwithstanding, they won't stand up that long that will be unreasonably perilous for their prosperity. Second, they state that Hazing is widespread and were being directed to cadets in ROTC, however Hazing is obviously not middle of the road in the association, in what manner will a Cadet, a young will engage harmony and progress in the event that they will be presented to unlawful brutality, for example, right of passage? Third, ROTC is brimming with weight and hardships. These individuals think about Physical Training as weight and hardships; these are just an integral part of their preparation as Cadets and to be a future protector of the state. Physical preparing is for the advancement of their prosperity and life when they returned as a regular citizen in the general public, they entered a Military Service not a play area. These are the three normal reasons on why these understudies who didn't take the ROTC and dismissed to be a piece of the corps. These understudies or even the non military personnel world saw just the one side of the coin, the contrary side of Military Service. In ROTC, it advances energy, virtues, temperances, regard for privileges of the regular citizen and adherence to the constitution, the guiding principle on enabling harmony and progress. These young people, the cadets are casted to be future pioneers of our nation and to be the desire for our country, here where a portion of our best warriors are results of the ROTC. They are prepared intellectually, truly, socially, and inwardly. They are prepared to be taught, to fabricate a superior character, and to defeat shortcomings. Military Professionalism isn't the main exercise educated here however just as the Conduct of a decent Civilian. ROTC is one acceptable method of getting the adolescent far from unsafe indecencies. As Rizal cited â€Å"The youth are the expectation of the nation†. ROTC Cadets as a major aspect of the young division are the expectation of the country and one of the essential movers on engaging harmony and progress of the country. Out of this world to non military personnel life they are set up to be an officer, a pioneer, and a superior regular citizen or part in the general public. They are sent as regular citizens to contribute in the turn of events and progress of the general public and country. What Parents can't educated and fix up to their youngsters for a considerable length of time, should be possible and fix in a few Sundays in ROTC. Trained and agreeable individuals from the general public are one of the elements for the harmony and progress of the country. The reservists, including the ROTC Cadets are the foundation of the Armed Forces of the Philippines and just as the general public. The ROTC Cadets, Reservists and the Regular Force along with their Civilian Counterparts are having a joined power for the improvement and the progression of the Philippines. The Military particularly the hold power underpins all urban government assistance exercises done by the legislature and some Non Government Organizations; in respect with this the Armed Forces of the Philippines propelled the OPLAN Bayanihan that was censured by various activists, radicals, and spoilers. Notwithstanding of these reactions, this activity was sought after and effectively keeps on helping the prosperity of the regular citizens, such exercises are food programs, clinical missions, tidy up drives, and other urban and philanthropic endeavors, these is to elevate harmony and to forestall outfitted battle among the Filipinos . In the midst of disaster and catastrophe the prepared hold power and various ROTC cadets are called to react, help and salvage the individuals out of luck, after these, these officers stayed in well-trained to direct alleviation tasks. These obligations and administration to the country might be done not just by the Cadets or men in military help, yet in addition by individuals in the non military personnel network or any normal resident in the general public. Little activities can have a major effect. Men in uniform can't do these things without anyone else adequately, but instead if the regular citizens will come in help to them or help out them enormous distinction will come out, Peace and Progress in the Philippines. In this we can say that Military is no ground-breaking or more valuable than the regular people. Men in uniform have been prepared to acquire capacities, yet they are prepared to phold the non military personnel matchless quality consistently. The ROTC Cadets amplifies the epitomical picture of a perfect Filipino who adds to the advancement and keeping the amicability among the Filipinos in the Philippines. This shows the ROTC Cadets as a future reservist are the encapsulation of a perfect resident of our nation. A resident that shows at least a bit of kindness to identify his kindred Filipinos, and a trooper that has nationalism to safeguard the harmony and request in the nation. Be a youthful saint, join the unit, be a ROTC Cadet! * CDT. DIEGO MARIANO Step by step instructions to refer to Rotc in the Philippines, Essay models

What Are The Different Types Of Architecture Essay Topics?

What Are The Different Types Of Architecture Essay Topics?Architecture essay topics are a variety of written essays. Like other essay topics, essay topics can be classified in two main categories. One is used for general written essays. The other one is used for more in-depth research based on data and research.General Written Essay topics are more commonly used by the student for research purposes. Such as in a project or dissertation. A researcher may come across new information and documents that she/he needs to look over to get a good feel of the subject and be able to respond accordingly. In these cases, a researcher usually needs to use his/her imagination to be able to come up with good research. Therefore, these are a type of essay topic that often uses some creative thinking.For general written topics, there are those essays that use the word or format and structure of writing, there are also those that are not. Although it is usually the student's choice what format he/she wants his/her essay to be, you must know that writing style will be determined by the student's writing style. The style of writing is developed through the feedback that he/she gives to you during the interview process. A good format is very important in order to create a good outline and make sure that your writing will be effective in making your subject seem more clear.Essay topics that use a structure to show different aspects of your research such as data analysis, discussion about the history of the place and the people who live there and how the place will be relevant to the project you are working on are examples of this type of essay. Such types of essay topics also contain graphs and tables that lead the readers to ask themselves questions and increase their understanding of the subject. Having a structure of writing will help a reader to retain and read your content. A good structure will also help you add a personal touch in your research.It is more difficult to write a bout architecture because of the strict style of writing. This type of essay is more appropriate for a specialist in the field of architecture. Most professionals working in the field of architecture are specialists and should be used in this case. However, if you are in the process of choosing an area of specialization and want to broaden your knowledge base, you may choose to write an architecture essay topic that can be used for research as well. If you decide to write a topic for both types of essay, you should use some common sense when writing as there are certain conventions that you should follow, especially for short research essays.There are many different architectural essay topics that can be used for research. Some of them may include: a project essay, a dissertation, a thesis, case studies, research and mapping, critiques, investigations, and so much more. There are also cases when you may use some other conventional essay topics such as: a history, architectural style s, urban planning, public architecture, architecture and the environment, urban design, public health, and transportation. These are just some of the many topics that you can choose from.There are some professional writers who will offer you free writing tips on architecture essay topics. They are usually those who are already professionally trained and have specialized in the topic. If you are a student looking for a topic to do a thesis on, you can hire the services of one of these professional writers. They will be able to prepare the required writing outline for you and will be able to help you come up with the best topic possible for your thesis.Architecture essay topics are an essential part of any dissertation. If you are planning to write one, it is highly recommended that you search for some help in order to write a better one.

The Effect Of Product Placement In Movies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 19 Words: 5819 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? CHAPTER II: Literature Review Product placement Product placement in movies is no new phenomenon as Lehu (2007), describes product placement as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the location or more accurately the integration of a product or a brand into a film or televised series.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? This form of advertising has been around for sometime although its not traditional advertising it speaks to an audience in a different form of communication which is either in your face or subliminal messages. Product placement comes in a number of different forms including visual, audio and a combination of the two combined. Visual product placement Is a visual representation of a brand in a movie, This includes strategically positioning a brand in the background or being used by the actor of a scene, displaying a billboard or some other form of visual advertisement in a scene, and any other visual representation of a brand-name product à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“without any relevant message or sounds on the audio track which draw attention to the productà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? ( Gupta Lord, 1998). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Effect Of Product Placement In Movies" essay for you Create order An example of this is Daniel Craig using a Sony Vaio in the movie Casino Royal (2006). See Appendix A. Audio representation of a brand can be the mention of the product in script but not necessarily shown on screen for example the movie Wall Street (1987) where Martin Sheenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s character says to a server, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Get this kid a Molson Lightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Gupta Lord, 1998). In combining these two formats Gupta and Lord (1998) defines audio-visual placement as the visual appearance of a brand with a verbal mention of the brand name or a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“brand- relevant messageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? for example à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The Bellagio Hotel in Las Vegas is seen and talked about in the movie Oceans elevenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (2001) (Lehu 2007). Product placement, as a marketing tool, has many advantages due to its captive audience, the social nature that it is being viewed in and the lack of clutter, such as other advertisements (Dunnett Hoek, 1996). This form of communication is described as being an effective technique as Jhonson (2009) explains à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“For subliminal suggestion to be effective an individual must be relaxed and open to suggestion. The subconscious mind is more open to suggestion when a person is relaxed.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? This practice has not gone without controversy, however, as its use is often debated by moviegoers and media experts. While some moviegoers feel that the use of product placement enhances a film by adding to its realism (Govani 1999). Others see the practice as an invasive one that sews itself a new seam in the blanket of brands that covers a strong consumer-based society (Phillips Purdie 1993). Some supporters of the practice argue that product placement allows them to relate to the characters (DeLorme, Reid, Zimmer, 1999) Product placement strategy Strategy Dates back a few decades, in an example where Joan Crawford is drinking Jack Daniels whisky in the 1945 production Mildred pierce (Wasko 1995). Back in these earlier times product placement was a casual affair, property masters would contact a local Jack Daniels distributer asking for the product to be used in the film. Today the product placement is more deliberate and sophisticated, Divisions dedicated to paying to have their goods inserted strategically into movies are of the norm for large corporations this is to gain access to what is seen as a glamorous medium with a relatively captive audience. Coca-Cola and Pepsi are amongst a number of companies who have formed in house divisions dedicated directly to product placement or Hollywood advertising (Wasko 1995). The belief of companies associated with product placement is that if a movie grosses $50 million, the advertiser has reached an audience of 13.7 million in theatre viewers, assuming this the movie will likely sell in DVDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Sà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢/Videos adding additional impressions per placement along with celebrity credibility bought by the use of the product. (Wasko 1995). Kardes (2008) adds to the argument by stating that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“When a brand is shown in a movie it is definitely seen but a broadcast commercial can be skipped via the fast forward button on a DVR.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? However narrative coherence can be disrupted by strategies used to market products. Music videos related to films is used as an example The promotion of some features is helped by the use of videos featuring music from the film, examples include Flashdance (1983) , Footloose (1984), Purple Rain (1984), staying alive (1983) and The Bodyguard (1992) (King 2002). In these films the excess creat ed by the conjunction of music and image creates a module separate from the narrative, working against the sequential structuring of the film. Product placement within the Hollywood film industry Product placement increased dramatically since the appearance of Reeseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Pieces in the 1982 Movie E.T: The Extra-Terrestrial caused the sales of the product to increase by 68%. (Balasubramanian et al 2006). Today product placement in movies is highly noticeable. In the film Minority Report (2002) at least 15 brands where placed, including Nokia, Pepsi and Lexus. In Die Another Day (2002) there were cameos from Jaguar, Aston Martin and Thunderbird, which are all owned by the Ford motor group (Jobber 2004). However alongside soft drinks one of the most common products placed in movies are cars. BMW invested  £20 million on the placement of its Z3 roadster within the movie Goldeneye (1995) and the use of other advertising media to support the placement and create awareness (Fill 2005) Gupta and lord (1998) focus on studies concerning recall of brands placed within movies that have been undertaken; they found that prominent placements achieved higher levels of recall. Morton and Friedman (2002) mention that any contact with a brand in a film will help influence purchasing decisions. It is argued by Joachimsthaler and Aker (1997) that visibility of brands are underestimated as it signals leadership, quality and success, people like to know brands even if they have never used them. This appears to indicate that the primary benefit of placement in movies is the increase of brand recognition. Consumer behaviour à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Consumer behaviour is the study of individuals, groups or organisations and the process they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Sharma, A. 2006). The study of consumer behaviour helps organisations improve their marketing strategies by understanding the psychology behind consumer thoughts, feelings and by understanding his or her environment all which have an effect on the action towards a brand or product. Tyagi and Kumar (2004) state that there is a relationship between consumer behaviour and his attitudes, communication with him and how to motivate him. Family, social and cultural dimensions of consumer behaviour have a role to play. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Product placement isnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t about sales ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s about brand awareness claims expert Samuel Turcotte.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Galician 2004). Whilst awareness may be generated attitudes and perception also start to form towards the brand. Attitude formation can be on the bases of cognitive responses to stimuli or information of other sources; cognitive thoughts are responses we have to a communication. Positive thoughts will generally have a positive affect on attitudes whereas negative thoughts will have negative attitude formation (Hoyer Macinnis, 2008). Age has another implication on attitudes and perceptions of product placement. In their 1999 study, DeLorme, Reid, and Zimmer interviewed younger audiences (aged 18-21) and older audiences (aged 35-48) in a bid to compare different views on product placement. A number of focus groups resulted in the finding of distinct and diverse perspectives among many of the study samples. According to their research, (DeLorme, Reid, and Zimmer 1999) found that older audiences generally perceive product placements as implications of a changing society and the current use of product placement was an indication of a major cultural shift, according to the study older moviegoers à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“associated brand props with feelings of insecurity, frustration, and fear of changeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (DeLorme, Reid, Zimmer, 1999, p.24) various examples of such feelings were provided. On the other hand younger moviegoers perceive product placement as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Associated with an invitation to cultural belon ging and feelings of emotional security.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (DeLorme, Reid, Zimmer, 1999, p. 28) The younger generation grew up in a consumer-based society that is bombarded with advertisements and other promotional items, the younger generation does not generally place a heavy emphasis on product placements. However viewers are generally positive about the placement of product in movies. GÃÆ' ¼nnemann (2008) explains that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“product placement for the automobile industry can positively affect consumerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s perception of certain automobile brands image as a purchasing factor.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? He also looked at preference of product placement over advertising for automobiles, which showed European consumers have greater preference of product placement than their American and Asian counterparts where as American consumers on the other hand are the strongest proponents of product placement being more authentic than advertising, whilst Asian consumers have the lowest value in both categories. A study by Nebenzahl, Secunda (1993) on the attitude of film audiences showed that the majority of those interviewed preferred product placement over other forms of promotions because it was unobtrusively integrated into the film. The small minority who object are on ethical grounds. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“They perceive product placement as a clandestine approach which deludes the consumer and they believe this practice should be forbidden.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Pattyn, 2000). Brand Association: Contexts and Celebrities Williams (2004) shows that placements are contextually integrated and therefore are non-invasive, placement are therefore seen as an experience rather than an advertisement. Contextual integration can be achieved by product placement through character development and plot advancement in films, and product placement can also offer the chance of celebrity endorsement. Nelson and McLeod (2005) show that the credibility of an advertisement depends on the sources credibility; differing views on differing sources can alter the way in which a brand is perceived. The use of celebrities has the ability to influence the source credibility of a brand (Sawyer 2006). This can be achieved by tapping into the celebrityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"equityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Zyman 2002). Such use of celebrities or actors enables their personality to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"rub offà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ on the product. (Rust and Varki 1996). This will have the effect of enhancing the brand personality. The us e of a highly credible and recognised person can therefore influence levels of expertise and trust worthiness. Ohanian (1991) found that the perceived expertise of celebrityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s actually increased purchase intentions, even though the celebrity may have no actual knowledge of the product. It appears here that the product placement allows the attractiveness of a brand to be increased through association with a particular individual, even if that individual would have little actual knowledge or expertise in relation to the product or brand. Ethicality behind product placement Gupta and Gould (1997) define ethically-charged products (or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“emotionally charged productsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?) as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“products which especially arouse ethical concern and differences across consumers regarding their marketing and consumptionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? the practice of product placement is sometimes referred to as unethical since audiences are rarely informed that they are watching paid advertising when they presume they are watching creative programming à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“playing on peoples susceptibilityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Plaisance 2009). The common ethical concern in many articles is the notion that product placement constitutes a form of subliminal advertising, since products are integrated into films, but no disclaimer is present that warns the viewer of any form of advertising in the film (Gupta Gould, 1997; Snyder, 1992; Nebenzahl Secunda,1993). The practice of product placement could be described as misleading as advertiserà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s interest and intention to influence the viewer may be concealed behind something else, in the case of movies, the context of the story. Among the most controversial subjects, however, is the use of ethically-charged products in film. The most common discussed are the use of cigarettes, alcohol, and guns, this due to the potentially harmful implications their exposure can have on someone. A 1997 study shows some individualsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ impressions of such placements in films. The study measures undergraduate college studentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ views regarding the acceptability of placing cigarettes, alcohol, and guns in movies. Results indicate that the acceptability of cigarettes, alcohol, and guns are 41.3%, 60.3%, and 38.7%, respectively (Gupta Gould, 1997). There is much concern over cigarette brandsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ being placed in movies, a common argument cites a mandate made and enforced by the United States Surgeon General. It requires that all cigarette ads feature a health warning, making known the productsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ potential hazards to the viewer. Surgeon General health warnings, however, are not found on films that feature these placements (Basil, 1997). Another common concern is that the use of these products will encourage the movieà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s viewers to adopt smoking as a habit. (Basil 1997) and Everett, Schnuth, and Tribble (1998) cite Social Cognitive Theory in their respective articles. This states that through observation we learn a lot. Since moviegoers are actors smoking cigarettes (and in some cases adopting specific brands), and since this is usually portrayed in movies as glamorous the moviegoers may possibly be drawn to the habit (Basil,1997; Everett, Schnuth, Tribble, 1998). Research objectives Investigate attitudes, perceptions and beliefs of viewers towards products and brands after exposure to product placement in movies. Analyse viewers opinions on the ethical issues of product placement in movies. Examine the role of products in movies as a strategic marketing tool. CHAPTER III: Methodology This chapter refines and justifies the methodology deployed in this study. The process for gathering data focused more on that of a qualitative strategy however a quantitative means was also implemented, with the focus on consumer research and understanding consumer thoughts and feelings. The research identified issues such as why consumers have the attitude or perception towards a product or brand which they have experienced through viewing product placement in movies, underlining issues such as acknowledgement, deciphering the message, and even perceptions and attitudes that are based on emotional and cultural feelings à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“sometimes we have a favourable attitude toward an offering simply because it feels good or seems rightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Hoyer Macinnis 2008). The quantitative approach was in the form of a questionnaire distributed to 18-25 year olds, the questionnaires allowed data from the focus groups to be tested and extended by from input from a wider range of participents, results are discussed in chapter 4. Qualitative approach à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Focus groups Focus groups are a form of group interviewing that allows data to be generated through the benefit of communication between research participants (Pope Mays). The qualitative approach was incorporated because of its ability to capitalise on group interaction that provided distinctive types of data. This study is based on consumer attitude and perceptions towards products placement and arising ethical issues, therefore it is only suited that this approach was used as it allows for deeper discussion to take place with point of views coming across from different backgrounds and cultural values and group norms are emphasised. using a qualitative focus groups would produce a greater depth of information rather than just relying on the questionaire with pre-determined responses The two focus groups were used to achieve the following: Investigate attitudes, perceptions and beliefs of viewers towards products and brands after exposure to product placement in movies. Analyse viewers opinions on the ethical issues of product placement in movies. Participants Two focus groups were conducted in an attempt to gather data on consumer attitudes and perceptions and the other on a discussion around ethics. Both focus groups followed the same procedure however groups were split into two, Group A and Group B. This was done to ensure that every subject got the chance to participate and wasnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t overshadowed by the over enthusiastic; small groups offer more of an opportunity for people to talk and are more practical to set up and manage (Litosseliti 2003). 6 individuals were selected for each group, Participants from Both Group A and B were selected on the bases of being from different cultural backgrounds and being socially connected. This is because it is important to understand that cultural backgrounds can have an effect on opinions, and it maximises the possibility of exploring the subject from different perspectives (Kitzinger 1995 cited in Litosseliti 2003 P4). It was important for participants to be socially connected to ensu re good group dynamics, this helped the participants be more comfortable and open towards discussion. The selection criteria was18-25 male and females, Gupta and Gould (1997) noted that many products à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“possess gender identificationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (p.39). The researchers hypothesized that males generate more favourable responses to products that are depicted as possessing masculine qualities. Therefore the ratio of male to female will be 50:50. This will allow data to be gathered and discussed from both point of views. The advantages of focus groups as shown by Patton (1990) are the checking that takes place within the group that eliminates false views and it is easy to establish consistent views. Group A focused on discussion and questions targeted towards viewers attitudes and perceptions whilst Group B was a discussion on ethical issues. Both groups were shown two movies in one sitting this was time efficient as opposed to showing both movies twice. The movies shown were Iron Man 2 (2010) and Transformers (2007), the movies were chosen for the large amount of products placed with over 45 placements in each movie. The movies were shown in whole as opposed to clips containing products placed, this was to show the product placements in the context of the movie rather than showing clips where the products were dominant. Showing clips of the movie where products were dominant would have emphasised on the product this could have misrepresent the findings as the goal was to evaluate them within the who le movie experience. At the end of both movies the discussion commenced on consumer attitudes and perceptions with Group A, followed by the discussion with Group B on ethical issues. Participents were encouraged to use product placement in other movies as well as the two shown as examples for discussion if they could recall them and the discussion was not based entirely on the movies shown. This allowed participents to discuss product placement that may have been potryaed in a different fashion for example: the use of different actors, characters or setting. It was taken into consideration that the time difference between conducted Group A and B could have an impact on the level of debate given that Group B had to wait, however all participants were University students on the same campus and the study was conducted on University grounds giving the other group time to go elsewhere and continue with other activities whilst they waited. There were a set number of questions used for each focus group and Each individual was required to participate and provide some input to increase the depth of discussion. A simple format of question then discussion was used, questions that arose from discussion would keep the conversation flowing. Conversation flowed freely in order to discover what the subjects found to be interesting and to explore wider attitudes but conversation was re-directed by the moderator when it was felt to be unproductive or pointless (Bryman 2004). It was made clear to participants prior to the discussion that there was no right or wrong answer in an effort to remove social desirability, what the respondent thinks they should say rather than feel (Black 1999). Both discussions were recorded using a CD recorder and were later analysed with key points noted for each discussion. A full play by play transcription was not practical due to the large amount of dialogue and it is felt that a full transcript woul d have broken up narrative flow, however a shorter version of the transcript highlighting key points and questions asked is available in the appendix (())))) by noting key points only it is felt that analysing content is much easier, Bryman (2001) claims that transcribing and coding leads to a loss of context. Quantitative research Questionnaires Questionnaires allow the participant to respond to a set number of questions, questions can be open ended or closed ended, and for the purpose of this particular research aspect closed ended questions were used. A closed ended question is amicable when the dimensions of a variable have been diagnosed. Closed ended questions expose participants to the same response categories and allow standardized quantitative statistical analysis (Johnson Christensen 2010). The purpose of the questionnaire was to expand further on the data that was concluded from the focus groups (this will be discussed further in chapter 4). The questionaires focused on getting participant responses for the purpose of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"conformatory researchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Johnson Christensen 2010) in which specific data from the focus groups was tested. This gave the results more creadability and the questionnaire would allow the study to benefit from areas of investigation that the focus groups may have failed to answer or provide enough information on. 100 questionnaires were distributed around university campuses as this was the most convienent location to find participents that meet the 18-25 demographic, however it was guaranteed that that all participents would be of the age 15 questions were composed and pre, the questionnaire can be viewed in the appendix (p)))) One to one interviews Interviews will aim to meet objective The research method that will be used here is one to one interviews with either product placement agencies or companies such as Sony. These interviews will be telephone based as availability to meet face to face with businesses is a little tricky given the time frame. Given the tendency for businesses to turn down students the agency or business that is to be selected will depend on the rate at which each representative replies. The Interviews will allow these companies to convey product placement from a strategic point of view and explain the practice from their own situation, perspective and in their own words. The interviews are based on not only conversation of product placement but with an aim to generate responses from the interviewee on intended consumer behaviour. The procedure will be to follow a script for the interview investigation which can be outlined by characterising a methodological awareness of questions, a focus on the dynamics of interaction between interviewer and interviewee, and also critical attention to what is said. CHAPTER IV: Results, analysis and discussion Introduction This chapter will focus on presenting and discussing the findings from the research conducted. Due to the large amount of field work that was employed for the purpose of the study, results from both the focus groups and the questionnaires will be compared and contrasted leading to the denouement of the findings. Analysis will be based on the most pertinent data that was found. qualitative researchers needs to communicate the findings in an honest and systematic manner, disseminating the richness of the findings and hence the experience of the researchers. (Easterby-Smith et al. 2002). Discussion has been categorised in three sections, each section will address the research objectives of this study and how the findings have helped in achieving those objectives. Attitudes and perceptions towards product placement will be analysed and discussed first highlighting the points that were extracted from both quantitative and qualitative research, followed by the discussion on ethical issues towards product placement practice. Finally the interview with the industry specialist will be discussed, analysing the role of product placement in moves as a strategic marketing tool. The data that formed this discussion can be viewed in the appendix ( ) Consumer attitudes and perceptions The first area of study was the attitudes and perceptions of viewers between the ages of 18-25 towards product placement in Hollywood movies and the products or brands that are being placed. Brand recall The first focus group identified that it was hard to recall a lot of the products that were placed within the movies. It was felt that this is because of the large amount of placements in the movies to begin with. participants claimed that they could only recall the placements that were dominant and showed a stronger on screen presence than other brands or products. Amongst the placements that were most effective were car brands, it was made clear that cars were amongst the top to be noticed because its repetition in the movies made it a strong focus of the overall viewing experience. The most noticeable examples were Audi in Iron Man 2 and Cadillac in Transformers. brands in other movies were also identified as being memorable such as Toyota In fast and furious and Aston Martin in Die Another Day. Brands that somehow were incorporated into the story of the movie had greater recognition; this is because they stood out more. As mentioned in chapter 2, prominent placements achieve high er levels of recall in movies (Gupta and lord 1998). Other placements that were regarded as being effective in terms of prominence were those that had audio presence as well as physical, Oracle and Vanity Affair from Iron Man 2 where amongst the ones that were recalled. Participants revealed that the audio presence and physical presence (placement being used) generated more attention as opposed to having a brand name in the foreground. A combined 66%percent of the respondents to the questionnaire that was carried out following the focus group agreed that products stand out more when a character uses or mentions the product/brand (see table.1). Whilst the recall of a brand is an important factor in how effective the placement is, the pace or complexity of the movie can cause a distraction from the placements. The focus group suggested that some of the placements were lost due to the pace of the movies shown. One participant commented that placements in the background of slower paced movies were more effective than those placed in action movies or those with a faster pace. It was later commented that products placed within faster paced movies needed to be emphasised on more to be noticed. It therefore appears that the genre of the movie will have an effect on the product placement with in it. The research suggests that viewers will have difficulty to recall brands/products that are placed in the background or foreground of a fast past movie. However if a product is used or mentioned by a character then this increases the chances of the viewer recall. On the other hand placements within slower paced movies are easier to recal l increasing brand awareness. This indicates that positioning of the product is a valuable consideration when the goal is to increase awareness Attitude product placement The overall suggestion from this study in regards to attitudes towards product placement within the movie is that the group members strongly appreciated the presence of products within movies. The research suggests that viewers acceptability of product placement within movies is on the basis that it enhances the realism of the movie by combining products that are seen on a daily bases. One example of this found in the Movie Iron Man 2 with the insertion of CNN and Larry King, the focus group agreed that these placements gave them the feeling that the event of the movie was taking place in our world as appose to a fantasy setting. They felt that these types of placements amplified the movies realism. The group compared the differences between having placements in movie to not having any. The findings suggested that having no product placement or having fictitious products in a movie reflected on the setting of the movie, it would create a fantasy world for viewers which was fine if it was a movie in the category of Lord of the Rings or Avatar. Williams (2004) suggested that product placements are contextually integrated into movies. Therefore It is important to note that placements are deemed to be acceptable by viewers because of the reflection these products have on real life. In the survey questionnaire that was carried out, a combined 63 out of 100 respondents agreed and strongly agreed that placements add to the realism of the movie (see table.2). TABLE 2: Viewers opinion on products adding realism to movies This confirms the findings from the focus group; however there are a large number of respondents that validate that they disagree with the statement. It is mentioned in the literature that some see product placement practice as an invasive one that sews itself a new seam in the blanket of brands that covers a strong consumer-based society (Phillips Purdie 1993). This is one suggestion as to why respondents to the survey questions may have disagreed. It could be argued that some viewers find placements invasive. however the findings from the focus group indicates that whilst placements add realism, the ones that appear without contributing to the story line or are emphasised in a way that seems to be out of context in regards to the movie can be described as annoying or blatant advertising. The views of the group were not that this was invasive but more or on the line of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"annoyingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Examples that were noticeable were the Panasonic placement in Transform ers. In a scene that was devoted to show a Branded memory chip, the character tilts the product towards the camera revealing the brand name. It was suggested that this had no association to the story line nor was it placed to emphasis realism; one participant described it as being à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"an obvious plugà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. The common theme was the emphasis on the annoyance of pushy advertising, this research commends Balsubramanian et al (2006) who suggested that blatant placements have the ability to irritate. Therefore if product placement is to appear, the product needs to contribute to the content of the movie in order to generate positive attitudes and acceptability from the viewers. But it is important to distinguish between attitudes towards product placement practice (discussed here) and attitudes towards the brands being placed. This leads us to the next area of this study. Attitudes and perception towards brands In the previous paragraph we discussed the attitudes towards product placement; we will now discuss viewer attitudes and perceptions towards the product/brands that are placed. A common theme that was identified from the focus group discussion was that viewers did not generate a positive or negative attitude towards a product or brand because of the way it was placed in the movie. The findings from this study suggest that whilst awareness was created there was little change in attitudes towards the brands that were placed. one viewer generated a positive attitude towards the use of the Everlast in Iron Man 2 in a scene where Robert Downey Jr is boxing whilst exhibiting the branded clothing. The viewer associated with the brand being an athlete herself, she revealed that the character slightly altered her perceptions of the brand because they shared similar interests. This can relate back to the discussion on placements aiding realism. By placing products in the context of the story it would appear that product placement can be targeted to specific audiences as a means of creating brand awareness. Another example was the recall of The Dodge Charger in fast a nd furious one participant claimed that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Vin Dieselà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s character made the car look coolà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Whilst it was made clear that this wouldnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t directly affect purchase behaviour, it did alter the perception towards the brand. It would appear that different attitudes and perception were on the basis of personal experience, preference and interest towards a brand or character and not to the consistency or the way the product is placed. This is an important factor to consider in effective product placement, considering that the primary objective is to increase awareness. careful thinking is required in creating placements that viewers have a personal preference towards, however this is a difficult task given that each individuals thinking process is different. Results from the survey questionnaire confirm this statement, respondents exhibited mixed opinions when prompted with the following two statements The character or actor using the product has a positive effect on my perceptions of that product. If I have a bad experience with a product I will generally have a negative attitude towards the product regardless of how it is placed in a movie. The research indicates that there was a clash of opinions with a combined. A consideration to the different cultures and social backgrounds must be taken into account and whilst the focus group was cultraly diverse, opinions were still based on a small number of participents compared to the large number covered by the survey questionaire. The findings indicate that the magnitude of this type of study is extremely large. the psycology of the consumer in regards to brand attitudes and perceptions will differ and will depend on the different experiences of the individuals as explained earlier. It is apparent that although placements witin movies do create awarenss attitudes are shaped by personal desires and preferences rather than the placements themselves. Therefore it can be said that advertising messages outside of those appearing in films and affects the ability of product placements to influence brand attitudes and perceptions Ethicality issues This area of the study aims to discuss the ethicality issues that 18-25 year olds have concerning product placement in movies. This is categorised in two sections, first is the acceptance of subliminal messages that product placement in movies brings and the second is the ethically charged products. Subliminal theory is described by ( ) as the perception of messages through your subconscious or unconscious mind. It is the goal of marketers to target consumers through the subconscious mind, and this is incorporated into movies to alter viewer perceptions. However as discussed in section ( )) the viewer is very conscious to the placements in the movies and therefore is not affected subconsciously by product placements. However one participant from the focus group stated that many of the brands may not have been recalled had it not been for this study. However it must also be taken into to consideration that majority of the group was educated towards the practice of product placement. The group identified that they understood that the placements are paid messages designed to target consumers within the movie experience. Participants didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t really classify the placements as subliminal messages, as it was earlier discussed that viewersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ acceptability of the placements was on the basis of them adding realism. It was clear to participants that this was advertising and therefore was deemed to be considered on par with other commercials in everyday life. Participants declared that if product placements in movies were subliminal messages than they would not be aware of the principles that were involved which would lead to an attitude or behavioural change. However it was distinguished in section (()) that there was little changes in attitudes and behaviour and any change that were present was due to traits and preferences. This then debates the statement made by ( ) that subliminal stimuli allows advertisers to penetrate the viewerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s defence without their awareness. the survey questionnaire would add further creadability to this research as seen in Table 5 Do you think Product placement in movies is unethical because we are being shown commercials within the context of the movie? Table 5: opinions on product placement as a commercial in movies. It is clear that respondants agreed with the focus group, it is suggested that this is because younger veiwers are more open to media the viewing of product placement fits more into the category of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"experiential consumptionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ rather than à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"entertainment marketingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Hackley and Tiwsakul 2006). Viewers experience the brands as part of the movie and therefore would fit into this category.

Persuasive Essay On Abortion - 794 Words

In 1973 the supreme court case Roe vs. Wade made abortion legal. Abortion is one of the safest surgical procedures for women in the United States, with less than one percent of women having complications post procedure. People claim that abortions are inhumane and unethical but so is putting a fetus’s life that hasn’t been born yet before the mother. Although a lot of people are against abortion and claim it’s unconstitutional, the abortion bill is necessary for mothers because of irreversible birth defects, emotional wellness, and traumatic incidents. Birth defects are without a doubt one of the toughest things to live with. They can cause thousands of dollars of debt with medical bills, stress, and overall a rough life for not only the†¦show more content†¦Women should be able to make the decision and have that be all but to be told no and be told she has to go through unnecessary steps to be able to is crazy. A Texas woman was experiencing complications with her fetus so she decided to stop her pregnancy only to find out she had to go through unnecessary steps that just caused her more pain and suffering. â€Å"I found a statement about women who may opt out of the new sonogram edict. It seemed that minors, victims of rape or incest, and cases in which the baby has an irreversible abnormality might be spared the extra anguish.† (Jones) The women told the clinic and she was just blown off because the nurse made and mistake and in a lot of society’s opinion that is very wrong. In Africa, there are 29 aborti ons per 1,000 women, and 32 per 1,000 in Latin America (Singer). Women of poverty feel as if the only way is through abortion because they aren’t mentally or financially stable enough to afford to care for a child. A mother’s mental health shouldn’t be put after a fetus that isn’t even born just because of one’s religious belief. However, with not being able to provide for a baby is the number one reason for abortions the second highest reason is rape. Society justifies rape culture by saying â€Å"she asked for it† (Carmon). Reasons behind victim blaming is that the victim was dressed inappropriately or society justifiesShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay About Abortion993 Words   |  4 Pagesin two peoples perspectives. The story consisted of a daughter (Deb) and mother’s perspective after the death of her father. The purpose of this layout is to show how they are both grieving in individual ways. Writing for the persuasive was presented as an essay on why abortion should be accessible in every country, and to also outline the shame women receive. Purpose Purpose for writing publication- Purpose for writing a real-estate article was to inform a potential buyer on the house showed. AlsoRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay1119 Words   |  5 Pages To begin with, there has always been an extensive issue with the topic of abortion, why? Well, it’s a tough subject and can get extremely emotional and very defensive. Honestly, people just need to open up their eye’s and understand that its murder and not just a choice. It is murder because two can create a blessing and the choice of aborting it, is more like a sacrifice for the reason a mother can’t carry a baby for nine months. Whether a person is a minor, young adult, or an adult and is inRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay755 Words   |  4 Pagesinstead these babies are torn limb by limb, burned, and many other tortuous methods to end the precious life. Abortion is murder and is not only very cruel to the unborn baby but it also harms the mother. Pro-choice is an escape from the harsh reality that a baby is being murdered, and in my eyes a life should only be terminated if God himself is ready to call them home. One reason why abortion is wrong is because they are many other safe solutions that would give the child a chance at life. AdoptionRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion917 Words   |  4 PagesAbortions in Texas consist of ending a pregnancy of an unborn child before it can live out of the mother womb. However if the pregnancy ends not on purpose before the twenty four week mark then technically it would be considered a miscarriage. Though inducing the abortion on purpose has caused a lot of controversy over the past century. Deliberately putting people on one of two sides of this issues, of either being for it, which would be considered Pro Choice. Or in the other category of the ProRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion1635 Words   |  7 Pagessolve this issue the option of abortion was brought to the forefront by scientists and advocates such as Dan Savage who mentioned that abortion should be mandatory for the next 30 years in or to control the population. (Ertlet) For countri es such as the U.S. with a growth rate being 1.6%, the proposal of widespread abortion is highly recommended as mentioned by obstetricians and gynecologists. (MumfordKessel) Who now leaves the question as to if the option of abortion should be used as a means ofRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion1228 Words   |  5 Pagesmillion pregnancies each year in the United States, 1.6 million end up in abortion† (Hern). Because of the numerous traumatic psychological, physical, and overall irresponsible behavior or actions constantly encouraged due to abortion, it should be banned, and forever illegal. Killing one’s own fetus has been linked to psychological distress which has been channeled into many different cases of substance abuse. â€Å"Induced abortion has been linked to increased rates of substance abuse, especially amongRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay804 Words   |  4 Pagesfamily with someone. Often times accidents happen in which people didn’t plan for, and can lead to many financial problems or neglect of one’s child because the parents weren’t prepared to be parents. This is why there should be the option of abortion. Abortion needs to be an option for everyone because it helps from long lasting mental states, infection, economical problems, and or having conceived from a non consensual circumstance. Pregnancy is a hard and unforgiving to the woman’s body. In factRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion954 Words   |  4 Pagesand nations who destroy life by abortion and euthanasia are the poorest. I do not say legal or illegal, but I think that no human hand should be raised to kill life, since life is God’s life in us, even in an unborn child.† Do you know what abortion really is? Abortion is the ending of pregnancy by removing a fetus or embryo before it can survive outside the uterus. Abortion seems to be more common in today’s society. 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According to Casey, â€Å"over the past 44 years, one-sixth (60,000,000) of the American population has been killed by elective abortion. Twenty-five percent of African-Americans are killed in the womb America,† (Should Abortion Be Legal n.p.). The figure 60,000,000 is a depressing number considering that these children could have been future

Self Assessment Through Self Reflection And Professional...

Introduction To properly plan and develop personal and professional development for the future, it is necessary to reflect on personal preferences, goals, past experiences, future goals, and motivation. The purpose of this paper is to provide a self-assessment through self-reflection and professional development planning in my health care career. I isolate my top three interests in organizational settings, discuss the importance of leadership, reflect on my motivations, cognition and organizational behavior, strategic planning and marketing, explore unfamiliar healthcare professions, review the importance of quality improvement and teamwork, uncover health disparities, and finally, reflect on health ethics. This will help me thoroughly†¦show more content†¦I used what Buchbinder and Shanks (2012) refer to as diversity leadership, which entails a strong commitment to diversity. I was able to embrace the diversity of my team, which made everyone feel appreciated and increased the overall m orale of the clinic. My leadership styles of participative, pacesetting, and coaching helped to incorporate everyone’s input, set high performance standards, and focus on personal development. I have also experienced ineffective leadership. My supervisor was not as open to diversity and it greatly effected the clinic. This management style is described by Scientific and Academic Publishing (2015) as an autocratic leadership style, which is where leaders have complete power over staff. Opinions and ideas from subordinates were not welcome and input was disregarded. Three leadership goals of mine are: industry and customer knowledge, strategic thinking, and coaching. I want to improve my knowledge of the health care industry to include consumers and competitors. 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Social Issues Paper Essay Example For Students

Social Issues Paper Essay In this world one can look back on literature and see how it influenced society and the way that we think. There are a countless amount of great influential writers that we can find when we look back into history. In Platos Last Days of Socrates one can learn about the wonderful philosopher Socrates. The author Plato was a poor teacher that did not get paid. He believed that truth was untamable. He is often considered to be the father of logic. Plato helped us to learn that Socrates was a brilliant many with many great ideas. Socrates did not care about wealth; he got his money from help of his friends. Some people loved Socrates but some also hated him. He taught many young boys his ideas but according to the fetal landlords, he was corrupting the youth and was charged for that offence. Socrates believed in gods but not the same gods that the state believed in. Socrates was told that he was the wisest man alive. He does not know if this statement is true so he decides that he will research who he thought was wise. He questioned three groups of people, the politicians, poets, and the craftsmen. He discovers that they are just appearing to be wise and that they do not really hold that characteristic. He came to the conclusion that since they are not wise that he must be the wisest person in the world. When Socrates is found guilty for corrupting the youth he is sentenced to death. He says that he is not afraid of death because it could be good. He thought that he might be able to teach the great heroes in the afterlife. The accusers actually did not want to kill him. They thought that he would run away and not show up in court. Socrates did not run away because he thought that running would make it seem like he was guilty, and he was not. Before Socrates is executed he has the chance to make one last speech. He thanked the ones who voted for him and told them not to feel sorry for him. The told the ones that voted against him, with your vote you have harmed yourself. Youve become enemies of speech and thought. He wanted everyone to know that the worthwhile gods are not money and reputation but truth and beauty, wisdom and goodness. This book taught me that it is wonderful to stand up for yourself, and what you believe. Socrates did not let anyone get the best of him. He continued to teach until he was put to death. Another piece of work that is extremely important in history is Dr. Martin Luther Kings Letters from a Birmingham Jail. This letter was written by Dr. King and was address to eight clergymen. He made many wonderful points. His writing style was so wonderful. This letter proved that he was a brilliant, and intelligent man. Just like Socrates we see that Dr. King is also a social gadfly. He was called an extreamist, which he did not agree with. He was also accused of being an outsider educator. He knew that there was a good chance that he was going to be killed. He still continued to preach because he knew that he could make a difference. He knew that this world could not go the way that is was going. There had to be a change for the better. He wanted everyone to be equal. He said, its not how long you live, but how you live. .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e , .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e .postImageUrl , .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e , .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e:hover , .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e:visited , .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e:active { border:0!important; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e:active , .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0fce24abcb931a9cbb9332b03d96312e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Poem Analysisi Essay .